1.  检查环境以及相应的包是否已经安装。

  RAM>1G   grep /proc/meminfo
  1G< SWAP <2G      swap=1.5ram
  2g<RAM <16G       SWAP=rman
  RAM>16G           SWAP=16g
 
  vi etc/selinux/config文件，设置：SELINUX=disabled  
 
  查看OS版本
  uname -a   注意：Ixxx的全是32位的，有X86—64的全是64位
  或 file /sbin/init 
 
  查看CPU位数
  more /proc/cpuinfo
 
  enterprise edition >3.47g
检查以下的包
  
rpm -ivh binutils-2.17.50.0.6-2.el5
rpm -ivh compat-libstdc++-33-3.2.3-61
rpm -ivh elfutils-libelf-0.125-3.el5
rpm -ivh elfutils-libelf-devel-0.125
rpm -ivh glibc-2.5-12
rpm -ivh glibc-common-2.5-12
rpm -ivh glibc-devel-2.5-12
rpm -ivh glibc-headers-2.5-12
rpm -ivh gcc-4.1.1-52
rpm -ivh gcc-c++-4.1.1-52
rpm -ivh libaio-0.3.106
rpm -ivh libaio-devel-0.3.106 
rpm -ivh libgcc-4.1.1-52
rpm -ivh libstdc++-4.1.1 
rpm -ivh libstdc++-devel-4.1.1-52.e15
make-3.81-1.1
sysstat-7.0.0
 
On Asianux 3, Oracle Enterprise Linux 5, and Red Hat Enterprise Linux 5:
 
unixODBC-2.2.11 (32 bit) or later
unixODBC-devel-2.2.11 (32 bit) or later
 
 
2. 参数修改  vi /etc/sysctl.conf
 
 
fs.file-max = 6815744
kernel.shmall = 2097152
kernel.shmmax = 2147483648
kernel.shmmni = 4096
kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128
net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 9000 65500
net.core.rmem_default = 262144
net.core.rmem_max = 4194304
net.core.wmem_default = 262144
net.core.wmem_max = 1048576
 
# /sbin/sysctl -p   (生效)
 
vi  /etc/security/limits.conf
 
oracle soft nproc 2047 
oracle hard nproc 16384 
oracle soft nofile 1024 
oracle hard nofile 65536
 
 
vi /etc/pam.d/login 
 
session    required     pam_limits.so
 
 
 
 
 
3.  建立用户以及用户组
 
groupadd oinstall 
groupadd dba
useradd -g oinstall -G dba oracle
passwd oracle
建立相应的目录
mkdir -p /opt/oracle/product/11.1/db
mkdir -p /opt/oracle/product/11.1/crs
chown -R oracle:oinstall /opt/oracle
chmod -R 775 /opt/oracle
 
 
4.  配置环境变量
 
  vi .bash_profile
 
export TMP=/tmp
export TEMP=/tmp
export ORACLE_BASE=/opt/oracle/product
export ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/11.1/db
export ORACLE_TERM=xterm
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib:/lib:/usr/lib:$ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/lib
export PATH=$PATH:$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$ORA_CRS_HOME/bin
export CLASSPATH=$ORACLE_HOME/JRE:$ORACLE_HOME/jlib:$ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/jlib:$ORACLE_HOME/network/jlib
export NLS_LANG=AMERICAN_AMERICA.ZHS16GBK 
umask 022
 
 
 
8. 编辑 /etc/oratab，把所有的 instance 的重启动标志设置成 'Y'，如: 
fstest:/oracle/product/10.2.0:Y